Pro Libris: Lubuskie Pismo Literacko-Kulturalne, nr 4 (2010)

145 s. : il., portr.

Измерение и оценка рентабельности неинвестиционных партнерских проектов, внедряемых органами местного самоуправления

Projekty finansowane z funduszy zewnętrznych, zwłaszcza z funduszy Unii Europejskiej, powinny być oceniane pod kątem ich efektywności. Bez takiej oceny nie ma możliwości stwierdzenia, czy zostały osiągnięte przyjęte w nich cele oraz założone rezultaty. Pomiar efektywności projektu dostarcza również informacji, czy dokonany został transfer nowej wiedzy i czy w wyniku tego transferu nastąpiły oczekiwane zmiany. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest przedstawienie znaczenia ostatniego etapu projektu ,,miękkiego” – oceny jego efektywności. W pierwszej części artykułu opisano specyfikę projektów wdrażanych przez jednostki samorządu terytorialnego oraz zdefiniowano pojęcie efektywności projektów nieinwestycyjnych, a także ich ocenę – ewaluację. Dokonano analizy efektywności edukacyjnego projektu partnerskiego wdrażanego przez powiat nowosądecki oraz zaprezentowano model wdrażania projektu partnerskiego zakończonego sukcesem.In case of projects financed from external funds, especially from funds of the European Union their effectiveness should be assessed. Without such an evaluation it is impossible to state, whether their goals have been reached and planned results obtained. The purpose of this article is to present the importance of the last phase of the „soft” project – an assessment of its effectiveness. The first part of the article describes the specifics of the projects implemented by local government units and defines the concept of the effectiveness of non-investment projects, as well as their evaluation. The analysis of the effectiveness of the educational partnership project implemented by the Nowosądecki County and presented a model of implementation of the Partnership completed successfully

Drought Model DISS Based on the Fusion of Satellite and Meteorological Data under Variable Climatic Conditions

The use of effective methods for large-area drought monitoring is an important issue; hence, there have been many attempts to solve this problem. In this study, the Drought Information Satellite System (DISS) index is presented, based on the synergistic use of meteorological data and information derived from satellite images. The index allows us to monitor drought phenomena in various climatic and environmental conditions. The approach utilizes two indices for constructing a drought index: (1) the hydrothermal coefficient (HTC), which characterizes meteorological conditions across the study area over a long-term period; and (2) the temperature condition index (TCI) derived from Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data, which refers instantaneous land surface temperature (LST) to long-term extreme values. The model for drought assessment based on the DISS index was applied for generating drought index maps for Poland for the 2001–2019 vegetation seasons. The performance of the index was verified through comparison of the extent of agricultural drought to the reduction in cereal and maize yield. Analysis of variance revealed a significant relationship between the area of drought determined by the drought index and the decrease in cereal yield due to unfavorable growth conditions. The presented study proves that the proposed drought index can be an effective tool for large-area drought monitoring under variable environmental conditions

Processing of (Co)Poly(2-oxazoline)s by Electrospinning and Extrusion from Melt and the Postprocessing Properties of the (Co)Polymers

Poly(2-oxazoline) (POx) matrices in the form of non-woven fibrous mats and three-dimensional moulds were obtained by electrospinning and fused deposition modelling (FDM), respectively. To obtain these materials, poly(2-isopropyl-2-oxazoline) (PiPrOx) and gradient copolymers of 2-isopropyl- with 2-n-propyl-2-oxazoline (P(iPrOx-nPrOx)), with relatively low molar masses and low dispersity values, were processed. The conditions for the electrospinning of POx were optimised for both water and the organic solvent. Also, the FDM conditions for the fabrication of POx multi-layer moulds of cylindrical or cubical shape were optimised. The properties of the POx after electrospinning and extrusion from melt were determined. The molar mass of all (co)poly(2-oxazoline)s did not change after electrospinning. Also, FDM did not influence the molar masses of the (co)polymers; however, the long processing of the material caused degradation and an increase in molar mass dispersity. The thermal properties changed significantly after processing of POx what was monitored by increase in enthalpy of exo- and endothermic peaks in differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) curve. The influence of the processing conditions on the structure and properties of the final material were evaluated having in a mind their potential application as scaffolds

Poly(2-oxazoline) Matrices with Temperature-Dependent Solubility—Interactions with Water and Use for Cell Culture

In this work, we studied the stability of matrices with temperature-dependent solubility and their interactions with water at physiological temperature for their application in cell culture in vitro. Gradient copolymers of 2-isopropyl- with 2-n-propyl-2-oxazoline (P(iPrOx-nPrOx)) were used to prepare the matrices. The comonomer ratio during polymerization was chosen such that the cloud point temperature (TCP) of the copolymer was below 37 °C while the glass transition (Tg) was above 37 °C. The role of the support for matrices in the context of their stability in aqueous solution was examined. Therefore, matrices in the form of both self-supported bulk polymer materials (fibrillar mats and molds) and polymer films supported on the silica slides were examined. All of the matrices remained undissolved when incubated in water at a temperature above TCP. For the self-supported mats and molds, we observed the loss of shape stability, but, in the case of films supported on silica slides, only slight changes in morphology were observed. For a more in-depth investigation of the origin of the shape deformation of self-supported matrices, we analyzed the wettability, thickness, and water uptake of films on silica support because the matrices remained undeformed under these conditions. It was found that, above the TCP of P(iPrOx-nPrOx), the wettability of the films decreased, but at the same time the films absorbed water and swelled. We examined how this specific behavior of the supported films influenced the culture of fibroblasts. The temperature-dependent solubility of the matrices and the possibility of noninvasive cell separation were also examined

Three-Dimensional-Printed Mechanical Transmission Element with a Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor Embedded in a Replaceable Measuring Head

Compliant mechanisms have gained an increasing interest in recent years, especially in relation to the possibility of using 3D printers for their production. These mechanisms typically find applications in precise positioning systems of building robotic devices or in sensing where they can be used to characterize displacement. Three-dimensional printing with PLA materials allows fiber optic-based sensors to be incorporated into the structures of properly designed compliant mechanisms. Therefore, in this paper, an innovative technology is described, of a Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) sensor embedded in a measuring head which was then inserted into a specially designed mechanical transmission element. The shape of this element is based on clippers that allow to freely modify the amplification of displacement amplitude so that the FBG sensor always works in the most optimal regime without any need to modify its external dimensions. Flexural sensitivity of the replaceable measuring head equal to 1.26 (mε/mm) can be adapted to the needs of the flexure design